Petition Docket No. M-2022-006-M

December 7, 2022

In the matter of                           PETITION FOR MODIFICATION
Nevada Gold Mines LLC
Turquoise Ridge Mine
Mine I.D. No. 26-02286              Docket No. M-2022-006-M

PROPOSED DECISION AND ORDER

On February 11, 2022, Nevada Gold Mines LLC, Mine I.D. No. 26-02286, filed a petition seeking modification of the application of 30 C.F.R. § 57.11052(d) at its Turquoise Ridge Mine in Humboldt County, Nevada. The petitioner alleges that the alternative method in the petition will at all times guarantee no less than the same measure of protection afforded to the miners by the standard.

The petitioned standard, 30 Code of Federal Regulations (30 C.F.R.) § 57.11052(d) – states, in relevant part,
Refuge areas shall be –

(d) provided with compressed air lines, waterlines, suitable handtools, and stopping materials.
Petitioner is requesting a modification of the standard to permit the use of sealed, purified drinking water in lieu of providing potable water through waterlines. The petitioner states that:

1. The Turquoise Ridge Mine is an underground shaft gold mine that began operating in 1996 and expects to continue mining for another 25 to 30 years. The mine is located 35 miles northeast of Golconda, Nevada, in Humboldt County. Its mailing address is 1655 Mountain City Highway, Elko, Nevada 89801.

2. The Turquoise Ridge Mine currently has 15 refuge chambers located throughout the underground portion of the mine. In these refuge areas, drinkable water is currently supplied via commercially purchased water in sealed pouches.

3. At the present time, each refuge chamber is provided with a waterline. However, due to the configuration and condition of the waterlines and the quality of the water source, the water flowing through these lines is not potable. Installing waterlines that provide potable drinking water to each refuge chamber is not feasible due to the lack of essential infrastructure. Further, the waterlines may be susceptible to damage during certain mine emergencies, thus the water supply could be cut off completely. Given the suspect source of the water and the potential for waterline damage, there is no guarantee that potable drinking water can be provided via the waterlines, as required by § 57.11052(d). Application of the standard could adversely impact the safety of miners using the refuge area if they were to rely on the waterlines that run from the portal to the refuge chambers. The alternative method of storing sealed, purified water inside each refuge chamber provides certainty that miners will have sanitary drinking water available to them, regardless of the current condition of the water supply or the nature of any emergency that might occur in the future.

4. The 15 refuge chambers at the Turquoise Ridge Mine are portable. By allowing the use of refuge chambers that are not connected to waterlines, the mine will have greater flexibility in the locating the refuge chambers. This will allow the refuge chambers to be located near where miners are working, and to be relocated more quickly to working areas where needed.

5. The mine seeks an alternative method of compliance with 30 C.F.R. § 57.11052(d) and proposes the following:

a. The refuge chambers in use at the Turquoise Ridge Mine are MineARC refuge chambers and are made of steel. Thirteen refuge chambers are equipped for a maximum capacity of 12 miners each and two are equipped for a maximum of 4 miners each. This capacity exceeds the normal maximum work crew of approximately 155 miners underground on any given day during any shift.
b. Drinking water will be supplied via commercially purchased water in sealed individual portion-sized pouches in each refuge chamber. The water will be supplied by the case and packaged into 4.227 fluid ounce/125 milliliter portions with 50 individual portions per case.
c. While MSHA's standard at 30 C.F.R. § 57.11052(d) is silent on the amount of water required, MSHA's underground coal standard at
30 C.F.R. § 75.1507(d)(l) requires a minimum of 2.25 quarts of potable water per person per day for at least 96 hours (4 days). At a minimum, the refuge chambers at the Turquoise Ridge Mine will be supplied with
2.25 quarts of water per day per person for four days. The total amount of water provided will vary depending on the maximum capacity of each refuge chamber. In a 4-person refuge chamber, a minimum of six cases of water would be provided. In a 12-person refuge chamber, a minimum of 17 cases of water would be provided.
d. The water will have a maximum shelf life of five years. The operator will replace the existing water supply with fresh water before the expiration date of the water. The condition and quantity of water will be confirmed by inspection, on no less than a monthly basis.
e. Written instructions for conservation of water shall be provided with the refuge chamber supplies.
f. All miners affected will receive training in the operation of the refuge chambers and will receive refresher training annually.
g. The refuge chambers will be inspected monthly, and the inspections will be documented by the Mine Manager or his designee.

Nevada Gold Mines requests this Petition for Modification apply to the existing refuge chambers and to future refuge chambers and locations. Nevada Gold asserts that the proposed alternative method will guarantee at all times no less than the same measure of protection as that afforded by the existing standard.

Nevada Gold Mines hand delivered copies of this Petition for Modification to each of the eight miners' representatives at the Turquoise Ridge Mine and posted a copy of the Petition on the mine’s bulletin board. It shall remain posted until the Petition becomes final.

Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law
MSHA investigators conducted an investigation of the Turquoise Ridge Mine Petition on April 4, 2022. Yasser Akbarzadeh, MSHA’s Staff Assistant, met with Dayne Heese, the Health & Safety Superintendent for NGM’s mining contractor Small Mines Development (SMD), reviewed the Petition and inspected the refuge chambers.
The mining method at the Turquoise Ridge Mine is mechanized cut and fill stope mining. The mine employs a total of 530 miners, 310 of whom work underground. The mine works two, twelve-hour shifts, seven days a week. Shift changes occur on the surface; the maximum number of miners underground at any one time is 155 persons on dayshift Monday through Thursday. There are fewer miners on nightshifts and Friday through Sunday.

During the mine visit, the information provided by the mine operator was verified. Each of the refuge chambers is provided with a waterline, however the water has a light brown color and is not potable. The mine operator has in the meantime provided packaged purified potable water in each refuge chamber. The mine operator had no further comments in addition to those provided in the petition of modification. Nine miners, including several of Turquoise Ridge’s miners’ representatives, read the petition and verified by their signatures that they have no comments or concerns.

The mine intends to preserve the existing waterlines, but not for drinking water provision. The waterlines may be used for firefighting, although they are not part of the mine’s firefighting plan.
 

All refuge chambers are portable and are equipped with gas monitoring equipment, packaged drinking water, oxygen bottles, backup compressed air, toilet, radio, phone, air conditioning, blankets and food rations.
According to materials published by the manufacturer Mine Safe, the MineARC refuge chambers are also equipped with an electrical scrubbing system and pre-packaged MARCISORB chemical absorber cartridges to remove the buildup of harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) from the air inside the refuge chamber.

Concern about the condition of the mine’s water lines prompted MSHA to verify that the compressed air lines are in good condition, not susceptible to damage during mine emergencies, nor in danger of the air supply being cut off completely. The airlines now in use are hard-piped, one-inch inside diameter. If a refuge is relocated, the mine plans to install additional hard air pipe to the new location, with the last portion of the line being a flexible hose.

The quality of compressed air was also investigated. Compressed air is produced by oil-lubricated compressors that have their air intake on the surface. The supplied air is breathable. Air passes through a MineARC CAMS (Compressed Air Management

System), which consists of 4 filters: a water separator, a pre-filter, a coalescing filter, and an absorption filter. All filters are equipped with an auto-drain feature. The system also includes an air toxicity monitor. The compressed air system is inspected weekly, monthly, and every 120 days. During the 120-day inspection, the pre-filter, coalescing filter, and absorption filter are replaced, the water separator is examined and is replaced if needed. All brass check valves are replaced during the 120-day inspection. The filter system inspection and maintenance schedule is per MineARC’s instruction, which has been tested to ISO 12500-1 (Filters for compressed air – Test methods – Part 1: Oil aerosols) and is designed to meet AS/NZS 1716:2003 (the Australian/New Zealand Standard for Respiratory protection devices.

MSHA verified that the scrubbers provided for the refuge chambers are properly equipped. The 12-person refuge chambers are equipped with 26 CO2 scrubbers and one CO scrubber. The 4-person refuge chambers are equipped with nine CO2 scrubbers and one CO scrubber. The scrubbers are stocked to MineARC specifications. Every refuge is equipped with a gas detection unit.

MSHA investigated ambient temperatures in the mine to determine if the mine’s depth might cause temperatures in the refuge chambers to be overly warm, and if so, require more than the proposed supply of 2.25 quarts of water per person per day. The mine’s collar elevation is 5,400 feet above sea level. The refuge chambers are located between 1,332 feet and 3.044 feet below the collar level. The mine stated that mine temperatures vary throughout the year depending on the surface temperature. The mine provided a May 2022 ambient temperature survey showing that temperatures in the main ramps varied between 61.5oF and 86.8oF. The mine temperature does not drop below 32oF. The mine’s ventilation fans are equipped with burners that heat the air to prevent temperatures from dropping below freezing. The refuge chambers are equipped with temperature sensors that warn at 50oF and 32oF. The refuge chambers are equipped with air conditioning units that maintain the chamber’s internal temperatures at 86oF when at full capacity and running on battery power.

ORDER
Wherefore, pursuant to the authority delegated by the Secretary of Labor to the Administrator for Mine Safety and Health Enforcement and pursuant to Section 101(c) of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. § 811(c), it is ordered that Nevada Gold Mines LLC’s Petition for Modification for relief of the application of 30 C.F.R. § 57.11052(d) in the Turquoise Ridge Mine is hereby:

GRANTED, for the operator to provide drinking water in each refuge chamber via commercially purchased water in sealed, individual portion-sized pouches, subject to the conditions of this Order:
Terms and Conditions

1. This Order shall apply to the existing refuge chambers, to relocated refuge chambers and to future refuge chambers.

2. Refuge chambers shall accommodate the maximum number of persons that can be expected to be working in the area of the mine at any time.

3. Each refuge chamber shall be supplied with water sufficient for the number of miners for which the refuge is designed, for up to four days. A supply of packaged disposable drinking cups (at least 5 cups per person) will be maintained in the refuge chamber.

4. Potable Water Supply:
a. The mine shall disconnect existing non-potable waterlines from refuge chambers to prevent miners from inadvertently drinking non-potable water.
b. Drinking water shall be provided via commercially purchased purified water in sealed packages.
c. Sufficient water shall be provided in each refuge area to provide
2.25 quarts of water for each person per day, for at least four days.
d. Water shall be stored in a manner that makes the expiration dates readily visible for inspection.
e. Water shall be exchanged with a fresh supply prior to the water manufacturer’s specified expiration dates, or at intervals not to exceed five years, whichever occurs first. If the expiration dates are not legible, or if they become illegible, the water shall be replaced by the end of the next working shift.
f. The condition and quantity of stored water shall be confirmed by inspection on at least a monthly basis, and the inspections shall be documented.
g. A daily examination of the exterior of the refuge chamber shall be conducted to verify the condition of the compressed air line and its connection, roof and rib conditions, and for the presence of the tamper- evident seals. If the tamper-evident seals are found to have been removed or broken, an examination of the interior of the chamber shall be conducted to assure the required amount of potable water is present. After the examination, a tamper-evident seal shall be replaced.
h. Written instructions for conservation of water shall be provided in the refuge chamber.

5. Refuge chambers from which waterlines have been disconnected shall be equipped with a suitably rated ABC type fire extinguisher.

6. Refuge chamber environmental protection systems shall be maintained in functional operating condition and inspected and maintained per the manufacturer’s specifications and instructions.

7. Refuge chambers shall contain gas detection equipment capable of monitoring concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other harmful gases specific to the mine. The detection equipment must be functional for 96 hours.

8. Training on refuge chambers and their environmental systems and instructions for use shall be provided for affected personnel at least semi-annually. Training shall include:

a. the hazards associated with insufficient and excessive concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other harmful gases specific to the mine,
b. the use of gas detector(s) to monitor concentrations of oxygen and potentially harmful concentrations of gases, and
c. the operation and chemical recharging of the refuge chamber’s interior atmosphere scrubbing and other environmental systems.

9. Applicable revisions or appropriate changes to the mine’s 30 C.F.R. Part 48 training plan regarding the conditions in this Order shall be submitted to the MSHA District Manager for revision and approval prior to implementation of the training plan by the Petitioner.

10. The mine shall comply with all other requirements of 30 C.F.R. § 57.11052 – Refuge areas.
Unless specifically mentioned herein, nothing in this Order changes or supersedes the requirements otherwise imposed by the Mine Act, other mandatory standards or regulations, or approved plans.
The petitioner shall include the above terms and conditions in the initial and annual refresher training as required in its approved Part 48 training plans to ensure that miners are aware of the stipulations contained in this petition.

Any party to this action desiring a hearing on this matter must file in accordance with 30 C.F.R. § 44.14 within 30 days. The request for hearing must be filed with the Administrator for Mine Safety and Health Enforcement, 201 12th Street South, Arlington, Virginia 22202.

If a hearing is requested, the request shall contain a concise summary of position on the issues of fact or law desired to be raised by the party requesting the hearing, including specific objections to the proposed decision. A party other than the Petitioner who has requested a hearing may also comment upon all issues of fact or law presented in the petition and any party to this action requesting a hearing may indicate a desired hearing site. If no request for a hearing is filed within 30 days after service thereof, the Decision and Order will become final and must be posted by the operator on the bulletin board at the mine.

Timothy R. Watkins,
Deputy Administrator
for Mine Safety and Health Enforcement

Certificate of Service
I hereby certify that a copy of this proposed decision was served personally or mailed, postage paid, or provided by other electronic means this 7th day of December, 2022, to:

Laura E. Beverage
Karen L. Johnston
Jackson Kelly PLLC
1099 18th Street, Suite 2150
Denver, CO 80202

lbeverage@jacksonkelly.com
kjohnstone@jacksonkelly.com

L. Harvey Kirk III, CSP
Senior Mine Safety and Health Specialist